Saturday, September 15, 2012

#6 Design for Usability

#6 Usability

What is usability
Any system designed for people should be easy to use, easy to learn, easy to remember, and helpful to users.

Usability is defined by 5 quality components:
  • Learnability : How easy is it for users to accomplish basic tasks the first time they encounter the design?
  • Efficiency: Once users have learned the design, how quickly can they perform tasks?
  • Memorability : When users return to the design after a period of not using it, how easily can they reestablish proficiency?
  • Errors: How many errors do users make, how severe are these errors, and how easily can they recover from the errors?
  • Satisfaction: How pleasant is it to use the design?
What is usability testing
Usability testing is done from the users point of view. This testing type makes an attempt to describe the “look and feel” and usage features or usage aspects of a product.
Nowadays there are many tools available in the market to perform the test.

Important factors while designing a site that focuses on usability
John Gould and Clayton Lewis recommend that designers striving for usability follow these three design principles.
  • Early focus on users and tasks
  • Empirical measurement
  • Iterative design
We first need to understand how users interact with web-sites, how they think and what are the basic patterns of users’ behavior.

According to Jakob Nielsen, these are the ten general principles for user interface design. They are called "heuristics" because they are more in the nature of rules of thumb than specific usability guidelines.
Visibility of system status

The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time.

Match between system and the real world

The system should speak the users' language, with words, phrases and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms. Follow real-world conventions, making information appear in a natural and logical order.

User control and freedom

Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked "emergency exit" to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue. Support undo and redo.

Consistency and standards

Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform conventions.

Error prevention

Even better than good error messages is a careful design which prevents a problem from occurring in the first place. Either eliminate error-prone conditions or check for them and present users with a confirmation option before they commit to the action.

Recognition rather than recall

Minimize the user's memory load by making objects, actions, and options visible. The user should not have to remember information from one part of the dialogue to another. Instructions for use of the system should be visible or easily retrievable whenever appropriate.

Flexibility and efficiency of use

Accelerators -- unseen by the novice user -- may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users. Allow users to tailor frequent actions.

Aesthetic and minimalist design

Dialogues should not contain information which is irrelevant or rarely needed. Every extra unit of information in a dialogue competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility.

Help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors

Error messages should be expressed in plain language (no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution.

Help and documentation

Even though it is better if the system can be used without documentation, it may be necessary to provide help and documentation. Any such information should be easy to search, focused on the user's task, list cconcrete steps to be carried out, and not be too large.

Site with good example of usability design
I found this site which talks about 20 websites to design
http://sixrevisions.com/usabilityaccessibility/20-websites-to-help-you-master-user-interface-design/
 

No comments:

Post a Comment